Vitamin A is critical for proper thyroid function, regulating gland size, and activating thyroid hormone receptors. Animal studies show vitamin A deficiency disrupts the pituitary gland and raises thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) to harmful levels, thyroid gland size, and restricts iodine to the thyroid gland. In a study on obese women at increased risk for subclinical hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid), vitamin A improved thyroid functions and marker levels by reducing blood serum TSH levels and increasing T3 (triiodothyronine) in premenopausal women (ages 17-50).

Vitamin C is a potent antioxidant. A randomized controlled trial showed vitamin C decreased harmful TPO-Ab antibodies in patients with Hashimoto’s autoimmune thyroiditis. Another cell study showed that vitamin C blocked mutant gene cells that cause thyroid tumors. Vitamin C deficiency can cause an excess of thyroid hormones and adversely affect selenium’s metabolism vital to produce glutathione antioxidants, which protects thyroid cells and the blood vessels that nourish them from free radical oxidative damage.

Vitamin B12 deficiency is common in 10-40% of people with an underactive thyroid (hypothyroid). This causes muscle weakness, fatigue, memory impairment, dizziness, depression, abdominal pain, numbness, and tingling. Studies also indicate that 5-10% of people with a hypothyroid also have pernicious anemia (PA) due to a B12 deficiency, and 24% of people with PA have thyroid disease. In addition, lacking B12 can decrease nutrient absorption, slow gut motility (bowel regularity), and cause gut bacterial overgrowth. About 24% of people with celiac disease (genetically susceptible to gluten) also have Hashimoto’s autoimmune thyroid disease. Studies demonstrate supplementing B12 improves hypothyroidism symptoms with and without B12 deficiencies.

Zinc deficiencies are a common cause of an underactive thyroid (hypothyroid). And vice versa, thyroid hormones are essential for Zinc absorption, which means an underactive thyroid can lead to a Zinc deficiency. Zinc is critical for producing thyroid hormones, including thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4). For example, Zinc helps convert T4 into the bioactive form T3 your body uses, significantly elevating T3 hormone levels. Low Zinc levels also block key immune functions and increase the risk of Hashimoto’s autoimmune thyroiditis.

The natural Selenium form, Selenomethionine, is vital to convert the T4 (thyroxine) hormone into the body’s bioactive format, T3 (triiodothyronine). It also helps protect blood vessels that nourish the thyroid and produce the potent antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GP). GP is vital for neutralizing tissue-damaging free radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and lipid peroxides (oxidized fats). Replenishing its deficiencies improves thyroid metabolism by significantly decreasing harmful melanoma-stimulating gene GPx3, antibodies TPOAb, TGAb, and SePP1, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Selenomethionine may also benefit autoimmune Hashimoto’s thyroid antibodies by increasing the antioxidant activity and boosting Tregs immune markers.

This specific form of Inositol, MYO, plays an active role in thyroid function and autoimmune disease pathways. It is a messenger of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). MYO is essential to produce thyroid hormones, and deficiencies may lead to an underactive thyroid. Plus, MYO increases iodine availability and counteracts thyroid dysfunctions. Studies show MYO and selenomethionine work synergistically by significantly lowering harmful TSH levels and TPOAb and TGAb antibodies, improving thyroid hormone levels in autoimmune Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, and overall well-being.

The thyroid gland combines the building block amino acid, Tyrosine, with iodine to produce the thyroxine (T4) hormone. Tyrosine is absorbed through the diet by converting the essential amino acid phenylalanine (found in protein-rich foods, i.e., milk, eggs, and meat). Tyrosine supplements replenish deficiencies in people with hypothyroid (underactive thyroid) symptoms, including gut and absorption problems.

Bladderwrack is a brown seaweed rich in polysaccharides, potassium, iron, and iodine. Polysaccharides enrich gut microflora, gut health, and immunity. Iron helps protect against pernicious anemia associated with a hypothyroid (underactive thyroid). And iodine is essential to produce thyroid hormones and for optimal thyroid function. However, iodine levels must remain within narrow margins for ideal thyroid function, like the therapeutic levels delivered in Thyroid Harmony Formula.

Chronically elevated cortisol (stress hormone) levels and a hypothyroid (clinical and subclinical underactive thyroid) have been separately linked with increased rates of depression, anxiety, and poor cognitive functioning. Studies demonstrate a hypothyroid elevates cortisol by disrupting the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis pathway and increases thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) to harmful levels. Researchers suggest an underactive thyroid may cause metabolic stress. Ashwagandha’s anti stress and cortisol-lowering effect shows it helps regulate the HPA axis and normalize thyroid functions.

Aloe is packed with 75 bioactive vitamins, minerals, enzymes, amino acids, and other nutrients, including vitamins A (beta-carotene), B12, C, E, copper, and iron which aid thyroid functions. For example, Iron helps protect against pernicious anemia associated with a hypothyroid. And vitamin E aids the absorption of selenomethionine vital thyroid hormone production. Studies on subclinical hypothyroid patients supplementing with Aloe juice restored normal thyroid functions after 9 months. In addition, Aloe reduced thyroid cell inflammation and reactivated optimal thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) hormone production.